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| 1st Battalion Royal Irish Rifles in World War I ： ウィキペディア英語版 |
1st Battalion Royal Irish Rifles in World War I
The service of the 1st Battalion Royal Irish Rifles in World War I saw the battalion serving on the Western Front throughout the war. It participated in several of the most significant battles of the war, including the battles of Neuve-Chapelle, the Somme, Passchendaele and St Quentin. It suffered very heavy casualties, repeatedly losing its commanding officers during offensives; by the end of one attack in 1916, it was down to only one surviving officer and sixty men. It participated in the final Allied offensive against Germany in 1918 before returning home in May 1919.
==Mobilisation and early actions==
The 1st Battalion Royal Irish Rifles was serving in Aden when the First World War broke out in August 1914.〔Roe, p. 21〕 The Ottoman Empire had not yet entered the war so the battalion was sent to England in September, where it prepared for a deployment to France, attached to the 25th Infantry Brigade, 8th Division. It travelled from Southampton to Le Havre at the start of November and took up positions east of Laventie in the Pas de Calais.〔Roe, p. 22〕
The battalion's first major action was the Battle of Neuve Chapelle between 10 and 13 March 1915. After an initial artillery bombardment, the battalion advanced to the previously captured German front lines and helped to secure the village of Neuve-Chapelle. It then had to weather heavy German counter-attacks which failed to dislodge the members of the battalion but caused very heavy casualties, amounting to 18 officers and 440 other ranks, including its Colonel.〔Roe, p. 23〕
During the Battle of Fromelles on 19–20 July 1915, the battalion successfully took its objectives at Rouge Bancs near Fromelles, but it again suffered very heavy casualties including the loss of its colonel.〔 At the subsequent Battle of Loos in September–October 1915, the battalion carried out a subsidiary attack at Bois Grenier. Although it gained ground, it had to withdraw. The following month, the battalion was sent to the rear for rest and training after a full year in the trenches.〔Roe, p. 24〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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